Description of the different parts of the equestrian saddle and the tree. What are they for ?
- cao870
- Mar 31
- 4 min read
The equestrian saddle is an essential element of horseback riding. It contributes to the rider’s comfort and protects the horse’s back. At the core of the saddle lies a fundamental component: the tree. This article presents the different parts of the saddle and the tree, along with their functions.
What is the tree, and why is it important ?
The tree is the internal structure of the saddle – one could say it is the "skeleton of the saddle." It determines the overall shape and strength of the saddle. Traditionally made of wood, it is now often crafted from composite materials to optimize lightness and durability. A high-quality tree ensures an even distribution of weight between the rider and the horse, preventing injuries and enhancing the well-being of both.
What are the main parts of a saddle ?
A saddle consists of several components, each serving a specific function:
The seat : The part where the rider sits. It must be adapted to the rider’s morphology for a comfortable and balanced position.
The pommel : The front part of the saddle, located above the horse’s withers. It protects this sensitive area and helps keep the saddle in place.
The cantle : The rear part of the saddle, supporting the rider’s back and providing stability.
The flaps : Large leather panels that protect the rider’s legs from the girth buckles and friction.
The stirrup leathers and stirrups : The stirrup leathers are straps (made of leather or synthetic material) that suspend the stirrups, allowing the rider to place their feet and maintain balance.
The billets : Straps located under the flaps that secure the girth, keeping the saddle in place on the horse’s back.
The knee rolls : Small semi-rigid pieces attached to the flaps or underflaps, helping position the rider’s legs correctly.
How does each part of the equestrian saddle contribute to comfort and performance ?
Each saddle component plays a crucial role :
The seat : A well-designed seat ensures a comfortable position, promoting proper posture and enabling the rider to communicate effectively with the horse.
The pommel : It clears the horse’s withers, preventing unnecessary pressure and injuries. A well-designed pommel contributes to the horse’s well-being.
The cantle : It supports the rider’s pelvis, helping maintain a stable and flexible position, especially during jumps or sudden movements.
The flaps : They protect the rider’s legs from friction caused by the girth and the horse’s sides, ensuring greater comfort in the saddle.
The stirrup leathers and stirrups : They provide foot support, assisting in balance and transmitting the rider’s aids to the horse.
The billets : They keep the saddle securely in place, preventing slipping that could discomfort both the horse and the rider.
The knee rolls : They help the rider maintain proper leg positioning, enhancing both safety and riding efficiency.
Why is tree quality crucial ?
A poorly designed or ill-fitting tree can have serious consequences:
For the horse : Uneven pressure points can cause pain, injuries, or defensive behavior. A poorly adjusted tree may also restrict the horse’s natural movement, negatively impacting performance.
For the rider : An unstable or uncomfortable seat can make riding more challenging, affecting balance and safety. Additionally, an improperly fitted saddle can lead to discomfort or even long-term injuries.
How to choose the right saddle for your horse and discipline ?
Selecting a saddle requires careful consideration:
Adapt the saddle to the horse’s morphology : Every horse has unique physical characteristics. Choosing a saddle that fits the horse’s back, withers, and shoulders is essential.
Consider the riding discipline : Different disciplines require different saddles (dressage, show jumping, trail riding, etc.). Each discipline has specific needs, so choosing an appropriate saddle enhances both performance and comfort.
Try the saddle before purchasing : It’s crucial to test the saddle on the horse with the rider to ensure a proper fit and comfort for both.
Consult a professional : A saddle fitter or professional saddler can provide valuable advice, make necessary adjustments, or offer custom solutions.
What materials are used to make the tree and saddle ?
The materials used in saddle construction impact durability, weight, and comfort:
The tree : Traditionally made of wood, modern trees are often crafted from composite materials such as fiberglass, carbon fiber, or polyurethane (Discover our range of polyurethane trees). These materials offer lightness, strength, and flexibility, allowing the saddle to adapt to the horse’s movements.
The saddle covering : Leather remains the preferred material for its durability, aesthetic appeal, and comfort. However, synthetic materials are also used, offering lighter and more affordable options—though often less durable.
How to maintain a saddle and ensure its longevity ?
Regular maintenance is essential to preserve the quality of the saddle:
Cleaning : After each use, the saddle should be wiped down to remove sweat and dust. A more thorough cleaning with appropriate leather or synthetic care products should be done regularly.
Leather hydration : Leather requires regular hydration to stay supple and prevent cracking. A specialized balm or oil is recommended.
Storage : The saddle should be stored in a dry place, protected from humidity and temperature fluctuations. It should rest on a proper support to prevent deformations.